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County of Luxemburg
The County of Luxemburg ((フランス語:Luxembourg), (ルクセンブルク語:Lëtzebuerg)) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire. It arose from medieval Lucilinburhuc (''Lützelburg'') Castle in the present-day City of Luxembourg, purchased by Count Siegfried in 963. His descendants of the Ardennes-Verdun dynasty (''Wigeriche'') began to call themselves Counts of Luxembourg from the 11th century onwards. The House of Luxembourg, a cadet branch of the Dukes of Limburg, became one of the most important political forces of the 14th century, contending with the House of Habsburg for supremacy in Central Europe.
==History==
The historic region of Luxembourg was settled by Celtic tribes at least since the 2nd century BC. After the conquests of Julius Caesar during the Gallic Wars from 58 to 51 BC, it was incorporated into the Roman province of Germania Inferior. Upon the invasion of Germanic Franks from the East during the Migration Period in the 5th century, the Luxembourg region became part of Francia and the Carolingian Empire. According to the 843 Treaty of Verdun it first fell to Middle Francia, became part of Lotharingia by the 855 Treaty of Prüm, and of Upper Lorraine in 959. Since 925 it has belonged to East Francia, predecessor of the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire. Large parts where then held by the Abbey of Echternach.
Modern historians believe that the etymology of the word ''Luxembourg'' is a derivation of the word ''Letze'', meaning fortification, which might have referred to either the remains of a Roman watchtower or to a primitive refuge of the Early Middle Ages. The first known reference to the territory was by Julius Caesar in his ''Commentaries on the Gallic War'', the name usually translated from the Latin as "little castle" From the Early Middle Ages to the Renaissance, authors attributed different names to Luxembourg, such as Lucilinburhuc, Lutzburg, Lützelburg, Luccelemburc, Lichtburg.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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